Taking any business model from one culture to another has been troublesome, no matter the direction. Overseas operations from Britain’s Tesco to Japan’s Takashimaya to, yes, Carrefour have all failed miserably when they’ve tried to launch U.S. operations—even as Germany’s Aldi and Lidl are having success here.

　　无论方向如何，将任何商业模式从一种文化转移到另一种文化都很困难。尽管德国的超市Aldi和Lidl取得了成功，但从英国的乐购到日本高岛屋的海外业务，再到家乐福，它们在进驻美国市场时都失败了。